Index - S

scalable defined

• inherently efficient, scalable , and capable of supporting different
• WAIS both portable and scalable . If you compare this to a proprietary

• Web document to the screen . There are two major variations of Web
• that has a display screen but which, because of hardware or
• not show up on your screen or the screen on the remote system. The
• is an example of a screen display result: Welcome to Linux version
• Put a '#' on the screen for every <number> of bytes
• staring at a computer screen , and to divide obviously different
• graphical dividers per screen is the maximum that should be used. Too
• characters to the screen . A somewhat similar command, more,
• a complete file a screen at a time. URLs: Quick Guide to UNIX
• Visit this URL for a screen shot of the utility in action. Mosaic
• portrait to fill your screen . Clicking on an icon of a musical note
• action across your screen . You find a Web page about an urban
• jumps down one screen length on the current document . Use
• of file names on a screen , instead of looking on a computer "
• On a crowded desktop screen , sometimes less is more. Minimizing is
• time on your computer screen . URLs: Bibliographies on
• than read it to the screen as text. The Netscape browser assigns
• PICture ELement . Your screen is divided into millions of pixels,
• unit on your computer screen or in your computer's memory that forms
• W3E References: screen binary Detail: If a pixel contains only
• or 1. On a monochrome screen (one that can display only one color
• back onto a computer screen . Rendering is a term used to describe
• sed Sed stands for screen editor and is a power tool for UNIX
• to read on a computer screen .
• as the size of your screen . Style sheets are currently used in
• at the top of the screen , or centered on the screen, depending
• display the last full screen of information, even if the anchor 's
• less threatened by a screen filled with colorful icons than by one
• editor allows a full screen or page of data to be viewed and edited
• To avoid the dreaded screen full of text, use paragraph breaks,
• see on your computer screen is what you will see printed on paper.
• on the user's computer screen . Every HTML document must contain a

• W3E References script
• Korn shell. Any shell script written in the standard Bourne shell
• interpreter script Print References: Que's Computer &
• An example of a Perl script that reads information form a
• of CGI input. A CGI script doesn't get sent information about the
• user entered. The CGI script can only tell whether or not there were
• which referenced this script . It should not be decoded in any
• POST ", etc. SCRIPT _NAME A virtual path to the script being
• A virtual path to the script being executed, used for
• NCSA server convention Script Alias is used for file mapping when
• to explanations of CGI script writing. Supporting FORMS with CGI
• downloading. The BUILD Script The BUILD script is placed in the WWW
• BUILD Script The BUILD script is placed in the WWW directory and can
• setuid bit when a Perl script is used, than when C or other languages
• to it. W3E References: script shell Shell account Print References:
• search query, or CGI script parameter . Certain characters which are
• search query, or CGI script parameters into a WWW Uniform Resource
• usually called a script , that can process the retrieved data
• document support CGI script for searches <LINK> Link type Sets
• point to a CGI script , or other executable service on a Web
• as passed to the CGI script for the form as part of a name/value
• pair (this is how the script identifies values with their
• as passed to the CGI script for the form as part of a name/value
• output from a program, script , or other data source, use <SAMP>
• to the underlying CGI script or other service program that processes
• w-form-urlencoded" SCRIPT This can be used to give a URI for a
• to give a URI for a script . The scripting language and the
• align=left The script (or limit) is placed to the left of the
• term. align=center The script is centered on the term and placed below
• align=left The script (or limit) is placed to the left of the
• term. align=center The script is centered on the term and placed below

• have the extension . sea . hqx , which reveals that this file has
• Search Engine A search engine is a special Web
• files. What do .cpt, .sea, .sit, and .hqx mean? Provides an
• W3E References: .sea .hqx FTP Print References: The Internet
• file compression GZIP SEA SIT ZIP

• an email address. search engines A link to a list of Internet
• to a list of Internet search engines . You can use one of these to
• W3E References: Search engines Detail: Different crawlers
• Most Internet search engines use some type of keyword to
• URL that discusses search engines and search methods W3E
• on the web are the search engines like Yahoo , WebCrawler , Lycos
• W3E References: Search engines search tools spider Print
• stop for links to search engines " Lycos Lycos is the
• of the results. (Many search engines link directly to a URL , so each
• uses. W3E References: search engines WebCrawler worm Print References
• a Haystack--How to use search engines to dredge up only the things you
• as a data element for search engines looking for information on the
• is to Gopher as search engines are to the Web . That is,
• things we've called search engines here, WAIS is able to search a
• . W3E References: Search Engines Z39.50 Detail: WAIS (pronounced
• sites. W3E References: search engines spider worm Print References:
• 1988. W3E References: Search engines URL Spider Wanderer Robot Detail
• of the many Web -based search engines . Because of its own extensive
• information server s, search engines , and databases on the server
• systems, hardware, search engines , and database management
• list of e-mail locator search engines . Good luck! URLs: Finger
• W3E References: E-mail Search Engines Mastering Web Search Techniques
• you need to use online search engines . There are over 50 search
• . There are over 50 search engines on the Web , with new ones
• how to use these search engines to locate Internet resources
• and tips about using search engines URLs for the best search engines
• URLs for the best search engines online Links to more online
• World Wide Web About Search Engines Internet Search Tips Search
• URLs: Yahoo's List of Search Engines ALL-IN-ONE Search Page A
• Search Tools Internet Search Engines Internet WWW Meta- page s and
• online forms , such as search engines Built in FTP and Gopher
• These are links to search engines , list collections and other

• of the many Internet search tools , this one was bought by AOL in
• addition. Internet Search Tools Just a simple URL that discusses
• Search engines search tools spider Print References: Que's
• W3E References: editor search tools Detail: Strings are used
• more powerful Internet search tools available. Unlike the other things
• and other automated search tools use titles to help locate
• engine front ends. WWW Search Tools Internet Search Engines Internet

• exe " as the search string .) In order to gain access to
• to enter a " search string ". The more strings you
• from a user-supplied search string . The actual search parameters

• NFS include additional security , greater simplicity of operation,
• real name" (for security ). to create an equivalence between a
• S&IO The Security and Intelligence Office (S&IO) plans,
• and physical security programs at ARPA and at specified
• management activities, security classification management program, and
• and the Communications Security Program (COMSEC). S&IO also formulates
• and implements security policy and procedures at ARPA and
• and represents ARPA on security matters with external organizations.
• Authentication is a security method whose purpose is to verify the
• attacks on network security , published by the Computer Emergency
• and Distributed System Security . February 1994. Detail:
• is essential to the security of computer network systems. Without
• debate (namely, the security of providing account information over
• of use, community, security , and reliability. Ease of use :
• than on the Internet . Security : CompuServe manages its own network
• DBMS also manages the security and integrity of a database. When an
• root is one method of security on a Web server . W3E References:
• communications, and security services, and has been used for years
• information about EC security and smart cards, among other subjects.
• access, enhanced security for transactions, and additional
• in shows up. The security of EC One of the major impediments to
• is the question security . At the present time, there are still
• questions about EC's security to prevent it from fulfilling its
• to the Net's financial security problems. Ecash works like this: Using
• encryption and network security promise to provide means for enforcing
• is used to add security , ease transfer over gateways, or
• it's original state. Security Encoding - a process or method of
• - a method of security encoding . Detail: The encoding
• compression ), for security purposes ( encryption ), or for
• key system. URLs: comp.security.misc This is a USENET newsgroup which
• of money on their security system. Why use a firewall? Firewalls
• from a number of security risks. They are configured to keep
• can serve as a security check-point for all network
• will also face security leaks via telephones, fax machines,
• part of an effective security system. Application-level vs.
• References: firewalls security Detail: Often gateways are used to
• used to enforce strict security measures .
• management, and security ). Because of the diversity in
• Highway Patrol: security programs rest stops: humor sites parts
• ports may be used for security reasons. W3E References: URL
• for its own security . Client-server LANs have a
• for enforcing security in a client-server LAN. Ethernet ,
• supports International security with RSA Public Key Cryptography.
• purposes of national security , the United States government has
• ensuring information security on the Internet . Users wishing to
• ideal for providing security for large grou ps of users, because
• a great deal of security , it has the disadvantage of running
• can provide speed and security . The two work together in the
• key d . So the entire security of RSA is predicated on the assumption
• Security Encoding Security encoding is the
• Security Encoding Security encoding is the process of encrypting
• it and about computer security issues. Privacy Links Concerned about
• functions for security and user access, including
• has to do with the security risk that can be created by setuid.
• W3E References: security system administrator UNIX Print
• difficult to breach security using the setuid bit when a Perl
• CommerceNet and W3C Security Resources. W3E References: HTTP S-
• for transaction security has increased . For financial
• from RSA Data Security in addition to supporting traditional
• and Kerberos-based security systems. It has been implemented
• which produces a security toolkit software product that allows
• circumvent a computer security system by pretending to be a trusted
• W3E References: security Print References: IBM Dictionary of
• to pay attention to is security . No one is yet sure how secure an
• positions lack job security or benefits.
• accounts and causing security holes. WORMs (optical disks) are
• this is a good security policy. However, if you know UNIX or
• Topic: Password Security In this topic section, you will learn
• to set up Web password security . Before you place this security
• Before you place this security scheme on a production Web site, set
• NCSA's tutorial on Web security . If you follow these directions, your
• NCSA's tutorial on Web security . <LIMIT GET > require
• NCSA's tutorial on Web security W3E References: security
• W3E References: security

• it's original state. Security Encoding - a process or method of
• - a method of security encoding . Detail: The encoding

• Awk Print Resources: sed & awk , 1st Edition, Dale Dougherty,
• . Detail: First relea sed in 1977, the Awk programming language takes
• by Unix utilities like sed and awk , grep and Unix editors like vi and
• operating systems u sed for Web servers today include: Some variety

• an intermediary server link between local computers and the
• . While commercial server providers continued to give accounts to
• government-subsidized server agencies put a strict restriction on
• traffic, commercial server organizations formed Commercial Internet
• may take up on the server . The resources to which a user has
• include: an FTP server Where connection software can be
• the document on a server . Universities often have server space
• not have access to a server through these means, there are some
• are some commercial server providers available. If providers exist
• of the WWW page ? Many server providers will treat commercial versus
• by the LAN on a local server , and if the LAN is connected to the
• documents on the server to make them available to members of the
• of the network. If the server is connected to the Internet ,
• are selected by the server administrator. The selected WAIS servers
• AppleSearch queries, a server connection to the Internet is required.
• on an AppleSearch server volume and can reside on any locally
• platforms: AppleSearch Server The AppleSearch Server must be from the
• Server The AppleSearch Server must be from the Macintosh system.
• more information about server , client , and network requirements,
• to search an Archie server 's database to obtain the location of a
• known anonymous FTP server and retrieve a full directory listing of
• stored on an Archie server . The parameters and filename string
• line automatic Archie server access manual telnet to an Archie server
• telnet to an Archie server via a WWW Archie service via Archie
• in -h host : specifies server host -L : list known servers and current
• Automatic Archie Server Access Your ISP may have the command
• you to an Archie server . If this is your situation, refer to
• refer to archie server commands below. Telnet to an Archie
• Telnet to an Archie Server If your ISP does not have automated
• telnet to an Archie server . You can try one of these or any other
• your commands. Archie Server Commands Here is a list of the important
• the important Archie server commands. quit end the Archie session
• display the archie server manual page motd redisplay the welcome
• the welcome message server s display a list of archie servers set
• message to the archie server . Address your email message to archie@
• as a telnet archie server . Below is an example of the body of an
• bound for an Archie server : set mailto thecolonel@las.vegas.com
• of the user, with the server accepting that information at face value
• Back end refers to the server side of the client/server model. The
• the fact that the server side is usually at a remote location.
• of a DNS server using a system developed at the
• an Internet name server for the BSD operating system. The BIND
• The BIND consists of a server (or `` daemon '') and a resolver library
• library . A name server is a network service that enables
• of a user computer or server or startup of a particular session on a
• the address of a server host , and the name of a file to be
• occur between a Web server and a client browser involving forms ,
• can be sent to a server and processed through a gateway program
• back to the server to be returned to the client . In order
• information to an HTTP server gateway program (HTTP is the protocol
• the client and the server ). In addition, a gateway must be on the
• be a database on the server which links the image coordinates to the
• on another machine ( server ). URLs: Popular Clients for Navigating
• over. W3E References: server push The opposite process, in which each
• is initiated by the server . Detail: In the client/server
• Detail: In the client/server relationship, the client calls for
• (pushes) the data. The server responds only to explicit client
• In client pull, the server includes a directive to the client to
• services from a server , generally a larger computer containing
• input and output; the server performs shared data or
• In the client / server model, the server provides network
• an HTML page from a server . W3E References: Internet Serviced
• of data from a server .
• text and data on a Web server . URLs: GNU Copyleft Terms And
• away or during low server load . Crontab uses a text file to store
• instead rely on the server to automatically supply the name of the
• dependent on the Web server software. An example of a default page
• Allowing the Web server software to automatically transmit the
• for a file on a Web server would be server
• BIND network link server Internet IP Address TCP/IP Print
• smaller, all of the server s simply had a file listing the other
• the use of a name server (a service in a network that lets you
• has an entry in a DNS server ; a machine is not recognized as part of
• is happening: The DNS server checks its information and sees if it
• to set up an Internet server without learning UNIX . DNS 1.1 for
• of these. BIND is DNS server implementation that is freeware on the
• directory of a Web server 's document tree . Web users have access
• of security on a Web server . W3E References: document tree Detail:
• creating a secure Web server . All requests for documents or
• and refused by the server . For example: Document Root /www/docs/
• for the NCSA HTTP server .
• be found, including server and directory information. Hypertext
• time. The " server push " and " client pull "
• a browser to a Web server . The other is associated with the
• Post Office Protocol ) server , so you can view and respond to them.
• to a program by the server on the system where the program is
• are set when the server executes the gateway program. CGI
• AUTH_TYPE If the server supports user authentication , and the
• to which this server complies. Format: CGI/revision PATH
• path . Decoded by the server . PATH _TRANSLATED The server provides a
• . PATH _TRANSLATED The server provides a translated version of PATH
• the request . If the server does not have this information, it
• If the HTTP server supports RFC 931 identification, then
• retrieved from the server . REMOTE_USER If the server supports
• . REMOTE_USER If the server supports user authentication , and the
• URL s. SERVER _NAME The server 's hostname, DNS alias
• s. SERVER _NAME The server 's hostname, DNS alias , or IP address
• self-referencing URLs. SERVER _PORT Port number to which the request
• the request was sent. SERVER _PROTOCOL The name and revision of the
• request came in with. SERVER _SOFTWARE The name and version of the
• of the information server software answering the request (and
• a document from a WWW server are caused by three categories of error:
• from a bad URL ), server failure, and server-detected errors,
• Unable to Locate the Server : Check the URL of the server and try
• Was Refused by the Server : The server is either not accepting
• Bad Request 400: The server can't figure out your request. Try again
• location on the server or removed entirely from the system. You
• 500: A catchall for server software errors. Not Implemented 501:
• supported by your Web server . Service Temporarily Overloaded 502:
• whether due to server , network, or client problems. You might
• file structure of the server . Most Web URLs are either wholly or
• file system of the Web server . W3E References: alias The NCSA server
• alias The NCSA server convention Script Alias is used for file
• be manipulated by a server side program. An example of a fill-in
• on how the Finger server is set up--such as last login date and
• setup of the Finger server depends on the server administrator.
• run using proxy server s. A proxy server is an intermediary (
• go through the proxy server . The proxy server is able to audit the
• runs via a proxy server , network-level firewalls route traffic
• on the WWW when a server is receiving multiple client requests. A
• client/server server Print References: Client/Server
• Mosaic Netscape server Detail: The term front end originally
• and client and server computers. The interfacing computer
• the user and the server software.
• from the client to the server . GET is used in combination with
• databases. A Gopher server can store text and binary information,
• also acts as a gateway server for information systems such as the Web
• on, unless the other server is busy or otherwise unavailable. Most
• uploading it to the server . The custom graphic's URL would then
• References: HTML WWW server HTTP HTML DTD HTML-on-the-fly RTF editor
• client host server
• protocol used by a Web server to communicate over the TCP/IP protocol
• between the Web server and the browser client . In Net jargon,
• about the CERN http server . W3E References: Web server httpd HTML
• . W3E References: Web server httpd HTML
• running on the Web server waiting for requests of http documents
• functions of a Web server similar to the way a traffic cop directs
• about the NCSA http d server . Windows httpd W3E References: Web
• W3E References: Web server http daemon
• on the same Web server (WWWE front desk) another document on
• on any other Web server (IMPACT Online) any other resource type
• Information Server The server maintains research
• Information Server The server maintains research announcements,
• instead rely on the server to automatically supply the name of the
• dependent on the Web server software. An example of a default page
• Allowing the Web server software to automatically transmit the
• Task Force The gopher server providing updates on federal efforts to
• information that a web server receives from a user. How does one get
• with information server s, such as HTTP servers. For example,
• is mailed in to the server , it is handled with the input handling
• CGI programs on an FTP server . W3E References: Bourne Shell CGI Perl
• identifies a specific server service or application. The default port
• a document loaded to a server will be read the same by each browser .
• or the limitations of server hardware. Network lag is not a function
• than the internal server memory or from a large number of clients
• accessing a single server simultaneously.
• that acts as a file server and that runs special networking
• users--The LISTSERV Server History of listserv and detailed
• e-mail mail server mailing list majordomo Detail: Listserv
• acts as a centralized server to all members on the mailing list ,
• than on a single server . Although these servers may manage
• to balancing loads on server s such that no one server is bogged down
• for more than one server to distribute the load equally among
• load balancing, a server and its resources could be brought
• connections to a server ; a feature which makes Netscape run
• Mail Server A mail server is the machine which
• Mail Server A mail server is the machine which handles e-mail
• name of the mail server is created by adding "mail."
• messages to a central server ; the server redistributes the messages
• a central server ; the server redistributes the messages to all
• and the address of the server . The former is usually of the form
• mailing list mail server Detail: The difference between Majordomo
• a World Wide Web server like NCSA 's httpd .. It works either as
• Internet & Client Server Developers & Training HTML & CGI News
• client requests to a server are handled as a single process, with
• and associated server tools constituting the Netscape
• Information Server The server maintains research
• Information Server The server maintains research announcements,
• document returned by a server is tagged with a header indicating the
• They are stored on a server and transmitted when requested by a
• interaction between a server and a HTML document viewed on a browser
• sends it back to the server . The prospect of writing in CGI may be
• by the Library, HTTP Server, and Line Mode Browser Lists the
• Supported by the HTTPd server , W3 reference library , and Line Mode
• is delivered to a mail server where it is stored. When a client
• is downloaded from the server to the client and then is usually
• poll the mail server to check for new mail. Mail processing
• of links on client and server mail protocols and software. W3E
• W3E References: mail server e-mail Detail: The RFCs that concern
• by an Internet server . To understand the importance of
• slash, contains the server address and port number. In this case,
• the port number, the server assumes that the default port used for
• back to the server . With POST, each element of a form is
• W3E References: CD-ROM server load
• to a mainframe server that processes memberships, service
• management. The server also runs applications such as the Web
• Microsoft's SQL Server , IBM's DB2, SQL/DS, and IMS, and
• between the client and server (as specified by the protocol ) does the
• between the client and server , as it is a model for different
• sends a message to the server asking for a certain type of response .
• it specifies that the server should retrieve a URL (Uniform Resource
• they support, the server must know whether certain requests can
• through Mosaic , the server will send back a response informing the
• network, how quickly a server responds to a client request for data,
• the client sends the server the information contained in the chosen
• the request . The server responds by sending response headers
• sent from the server to the client in HTTP ( Hypertext
• are included in the server 's response to a request from the client
• client 's request to a server in HTTP . In HTTP , the client is a
• client contacting the server ; 2) the client making a request to the
• the client sends the server specific information about the type of
• the information the server needs to process a request . The
• Server Load Server load refers to the amount of
• Server Load Server load refers to the amount of use that a
• said to have a heavy server load. "Adult entertainment"
• might enjoy a heavy server load. URLs: Load on this WWW Server A
• URLs: Load on this WWW Server A graph of an actual server load W3E
• A graph of an actual server load W3E References: server Net network
• load W3E References: server Net network utilization Detail: What is
• What is the impact of server load upon Internet users? When a server
• experiencing a heavy server load), access that server is slower and
• telling you that the server is busy, it probably means that the
• means that the server load is heavy. Sometimes people are
• that overextend the server 's load--this is especially common when
• or community server .
• Server Push A server push is a technique that
• Server Push A server push is a technique that makes it
• it possible for a server to display information in a dynamic way.
• is held open, so the server can send down more data any time it
• any time it wants. The server sends data, but leaves the connection
• open. When the server wants to send more data, it does so, and
• The benefit of using server push is that the server has complete
• is a drain on the server and may be wasteful. Client pull is an
• 1.1 This site explains server push & client pull in detail as well as
• Mac users to use server push. National Debt Clock This is an
• This is an example of server push in which the national debt clock is
• Detail: Using server push to display individual inlined
• gets updated by the server on a regular basis. The SRC attribute of
• to a URL for which the server pushes a series of images. If you use
• of images. If you use server push for an individual inlined image,
• separately subject to server push. The roaring Netscape dragon was
• of this use of server push.
• wonderful Apache HTTP server ." Setuid Scripts More about perl
• type being at the same server . the singleton object type was created
• is a file on the server with a list of names of the user agents
• a type of file system server that is used with file systems such as
• guide W3E References: server UNIX Print References: The second
• References: Internet server Detail: Telnet's official name is NCSA
• Web site WebMaster Web server Detail: It's always a good idea to test
• Regardless of your Web server 's operating system, the best way to
• can't install a test server yourself, ask your local WebMaster for
• for help. If your server already has a testing area, use that. If
• a UNIX-based Web server for you. It's as easy as filling out the
• port number of a test server is 8001. Thus, the URL for a test Web
• for the test server ; this usually consists of a path
• on your production Web server (or wherever else your Webmaster tells
• Software programs scan server logs for information such as the number
• machines accessing the server or the most popular documents on the
• domain name of the Web server where a resource resides, the port
• pathname on the server where the named Web file or resource can
• Wide-Area Information Server (WAIS) on the Internet , and provides
• name for the Web server where the desired Web page or other
• like HTTPd (the server software that handles incoming requests
• services that a server can offer. This port address makes sure
• when accessing the Web server to which it corresponds (even if it's
• lives in the Web server 's file system. You must always use
• URL, no matter how the server itself may actually understand directory
• ( HTTP and the Web server software handle the translation). object
• domain name for the server , and it's port address (see below for
• out the nearest Usenet server (also called a news server) in its
• . Upon passing, the server presents the user with a congratulatory
• to instruct WebTechs' server to custom build a validation toolkit for
• least on every Gopher server the Veronica program can access) to look
• but each content server is also capable of answering queries
• you access to the server 's source code , the engine that indexes
• is both client and server WAIS operates as another of the many
• to converse with the server using a rigidly defined WAIS protocol
• pretty good. The WAIS server exchanges question and answer
• Wide Web Web site Web server
• has written for a Web server a document that contains other documents
• than "my Web server ." In order for a Web page to be
• is accessible to a Web server . Should you choose to test Web pages
• be accessed by a Web server , they might be accessed before you are
• Web Server A Web server is a program that accepts
• Web Server A Web server is a program that accepts requests for
• Protocol ). The server processes each request , and returns the
• requested. URLs: HTTP Server Distribution from WebCrawler WebCrawler
• from 42,579 HTTP server s. HTTP servers running on Unix based
• of putting up your own server , but for the latest information, as
• the NCSA httpd Web server , Windows NT, and the O'Reilly Web Site
• the O'Reilly Web Site server . Simon St.Laurent, the author, stresses
• in putting up a Web server , read one or more of the newsgroups
• system that runs a Web server and publishes documents on the Web .
• References: HTTP Web server Print References: Que's Computer and
• contents of another server for a given service. Thus, you'll hear
• style guide Web server Print References: HTML for Dummies by Ed
• Your Own World-Wide Server Without Really Trying by Bob Levitus &
• a connection to a Web server looks like this: http ://www.whitehouse
• that hosts a WAIS server ). URLs: WAIS and Z39.50 This is the
• client and server environment where a computer operating
• as an information server . Software on the server performs a
• search request . The server returns these records to the client for
• from the information server s, search engines , and databases on the
• bar. Sandra's clip-art server This is the most comprehensive archive
• and ship it to a Web server . In turn, the server processes that
• from the user. On the server side is a program, usually called a
• as the browser and server interact. Once you select a hyperlink to
• Internet traffic, server load , and connection noise interfere
• service on a Web server that performs an action in response to
• interface on the web server handling the request . Context: <
• header field . The server may use this information to process the
• which HTTP methods the server supports. ENCTYPE This attribute
• clicked is sent to the server designated by the hypertext link .

• . Depending on the service provider , a user can be regulated in
• Commercial On-Line Service Provider A commercial on-line service
• A commercial on-line service provider is a company you pay to
• you need a " service provider " to connect to the
• a "commercial service provider ". If you can connect to
• line to an Internet Service Provider , and a dedicated connection ,
• dial in to a network service provider , such as America On-Line or
• On-Line CompuServe service provider Print References: The World
• allowed him by his service provider .
• located at the local service provider . Service providers maintain
• ISP ( Internet Service Provider ) An Internet service provider
• Provider ) An Internet service provider is an organization or
• . URLs: Internet Service Provider List To access the Internet ,
• with an Internet service provider . Here's an extended listing
• To Select an Internet Service Provider Guidelines for those acquiring
• Becoming an Internet Service Provider Becoming an Internet Service
• Becoming an Internet Service Provider is not a mysterious or
• by the Internet service provider and is invisible to the user.
• to an Internet service provider In each case, the connection
• . Choosing an Internet Service Provider If you are on a company or
• via an Internet Service Provider 's ( ISP ) a host machine
• with Internet Service Provider ( ISP ) or Internet Access
• local. URLs: Internet Service Provider Directory Provides a search
• or name. Internet Service Provider Association ISP Association
• W3E References: service provider CompuServe AOL Detail: Most
• long it takes for your service provider to respond to an e-mail query.
• dial-up account service provider SLIP (Serial Line Internet
• an ISP An Internet Service Provider ( ISP ) is a business that

• away or during low server load . Crontab uses a text file to store
• W3E References: CD-ROM server load
• Internet traffic, server load , and connection noise interfere

• over. W3E References: server push The opposite process, in which each
• time. The " server push " and " client pull "

• and more. training, setup and consulting for BBS sysops Services
• configuration, and setup . If you have difficulty with a package
• e-mail pending. The setup of the Finger server depends on the
• programs, setup , applications, and it also identifies
• full instructions for setup , coding and operation. The WWW Mail

• content model is an SGML or Standard Generalized Markup Language
• markup physical markup SGML Print References: Foundations of Web
• W3E References: HTML SGML Detail: These elements may appear in a
• W3E References: SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) The
• W3E References: HTML SGML
• "on top" of SGML ( Standard Generalized Markup Language ).
• Markup Language ). SGML is a text formatting language that can be
• application of SGML that uses its formats to allow you to
• markup language , SGML . For a tutorial and overview of using
• HTML HTML-on-the-Fly SGML Print References: HTML TemplateMASTER CD .
• . W3E References: HTML SGML
• that is written using SGML ( Standard Generalized Markup Language ).
• as an Application of SGML Explains what all these acronyms mean and
• . W3E References: HTML SGML markup markup language Print References:
• Detail: HTML is an SGML DTD . DTD applies SGML to the markup of
• English language. All SGML documents have data characters and markup
• are three parts in SGML specification : an SGML declaration, a
• of instances of SGML Document Type Definitions (DTDs), such as
• Mark-up Languages ( SGML ). The Hypertext Mark-up Language ( HTML )
• is one example of an SGML . URLs: SGML Web Page Lots of information
• of an SGML . URLs: SGML Web Page Lots of information about SGML
• of information about SGML and how it relates to HTML SGML
• how it relates to HTML SGML Declarations A good explanation of the
• and maintain an SGML standard . W3E References: International
• programming languages. SGML started out as a General Markup Language ;
• ANSI HTML protocol SGML Print References: HTML Manual of Style .
• physical markup SGML Print References: The World Wide Web
• a derivative of SGML ( Standard Generalized Markup Language.
• physical markup HTML SGML
• DTD ISO Latin-1 SGML TeX
• ID="name" A SGML identifier used as the target for
• A Manifesto for Adding SGML Intelligence to the World-Wide Web W3E
• (Rich Text Format) and SGML ( Standard Graphic Markup Language ),
• to the development of SGML , Standard Generalized Markup Language .
• the more complex SGML ( Standard Generalized Markup Language )
• for the integration of SGML into Web browsers. W3E References: HTML
• W3E References: HTML SGML Web pages
• References: DTD HTML SGML Detail: The HTML Validation Service allows
• upon James Clark's sgml s version 1.1.19 SGML parser and uses a
• known by its acronym, SGML . To create great Web documents, this is
• you need to know about SGML . You'll find an incredible wealth of
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• URI ) notation. ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• . Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• . Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• . Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens that define the role this
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• . Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• . Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• attribute value is an SGML name token and and as such is case
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• where strict SGML parsing is necessary and the local DTD is
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• . Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• text, together with SGML entities for accented characters etc.
• etc. Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• etc. Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• ! Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• . Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• etc. Attributes: ID An SGML identifer used to name the range element .
• . FROM References an SGML identifier for an element in the document
• UNTIL References an SGML identifier for an element in the document
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• . Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• . Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• . Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• entity identifying an SGML notation in the HTML 3.0 DTD Context: <
• . Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• . Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used to name a new tab stop at
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• than used with most SGML table models and chosen to simplify hand
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• . Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• . Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag
• Attributes: ID An SGML identifier used as the target for
• separated list of SGML NAME tokens and is used to subclass tag

• you will need either a shell account or a dial-up PPP/SLIP account on
• BASH ( UNIX shell ) Bourne Again SHell (BASH) is a variant
• shell ) Bourne Again SHell (BASH) is a variant of the Bourne shell,
• the standard UNIX shell written by Stephen Bourne in 1975. BASH
• Bash Features - Bourne Shell Features This section briefly summarizes
• from the Bourne shell and lists significant differences. BASH
• Learning the Bash Shell . By Cameron Newham and Bill Rosenblatt.
• is a public domain shell written by the Free Software Foundation
• tive features of the C shell and the Korn shell. Any shell script
• in the standard Bourne shell should work with BASH. Unlike the Korn
• BASH. Unlike the Korn shell , it is available without charge. One
• and work just like shell scripts.
• Bourne shell The UNIX Bourne shell (sh) was the first
• shell The UNIX Bourne shell (sh) was the first shell, named after its
• Bell Labs. The Bourne shell provides an easy-to-use language with
• which you can write shell scripts, although it does not have the
• provided by modern shell s such as the C shell and Korn shell .
• the C shell and Korn shell . URLs sh man page UNIX (BDSI) manual
• page for the Bourne shell (sh) Bourne shell programming Basic
• shell (sh) Bourne shell programming Basic programming with the
• with the Bourne shell W3E Resources: UNIX UNIX shell Overviews
• Resources: UNIX UNIX shell Overviews of other UNIX shell s Korn Csh
• of other UNIX shell s Korn Csh Bash
• browsers are common to shell accounts on many UNIX systems. Lynx is
• C Shell (Csh) C shell (Csh) is one of the two
• C Shell (Csh) C shell (Csh) is one of the two major shells
• system. URLs: T(C) Shell Style Features Spe c ial features of C
• c ial features of C shell . Csh Programming Considered Harmful Tom
• hristansen discusses C shell 's flaws as a programming tool. Detail: C
• tool. Detail: C shell (Csh), written at the University of
• itself was written. C shell is commonly used in the scientific and
• and academic world. C shell is considered superior to the earlier
• work such as writing shell scripts. A newer version of the C Shell ,
• newer version of the C Shell , total C shell ( tcsh ), corrects some
• shareware command shell 4DOS. DOS is a single-user operating
• /home/users/dbsmith Shell : /bin/ksh Last login Thu Nov 9 07:12
• W3E References: Bourne Shell CGI Perl TcL
• Korn Shell (ksh) Korn shell (ksh) is one of a number
• Korn Shell (ksh) Korn shell (ksh) is one of a number of newer UNIX
• of both Bourne shell and C shell. URLs: KORN Shell Style
• features of the Korn shell . Print References: Learning the Korn
• Learning the Korn Shell . Bill Rosenblatt. O'Reilly & Associates.
• Detail: The Korn shell was written by David Korn of AT&T Bell
• shells together with a shell programming language similar to that of
• of the original Bourne shell . The Korn shell is often viewed as the
• Internet . Lynx allows shell users to browse the Web , although
• Detail: If you have a shell UNIX account and if Lynx is configured on
• Learning the Korn Shell . Bill Rosenblatt. O'Reilly & Associates.
• shell On a UNIX system, the shell is software
• On a UNIX system, the shell is software that accepts and acts on
• shells, e.g., C shell , the simpler Bourne shell named after
• the more popular Korn Shell named after David Korn of Bell Labs. The
• with text-based shell accounts. The manual of UNIX shell
• The manual of UNIX shell commands can be accessed by typing "
• Shell Account A Shell account is an account
• Shell Account A Shell account is an account which gives one
• the disadvantages of a shell account is that when you download files,
• machine. However, a shell account has the advantage of being less
• TC Shell (TCsh T C shell (TCsh) is an expanded
• TC Shell (TCsh T C shell (TCsh) is an expanded version of the
• the features of the C shell together with EMACS style editing of the
• c ial features of T(C) shell .
• Operating System) Unix Shell Print References: IBM Dictionary of
• UNIX shell The UNIX Shell is a UNIX program which
• UNIX shell The UNIX Shell is a UNIX program which gives users
• managing files. The shell can be used interactively or
• from lists of shell commands stored in files called shell
• stored in files called shell scripts. URLs: comp.unix.shell If it's a
• URLs: comp.unix.shell If it's a topic about which programmers
• W3E References: script shell Shell account Print References: Que's
• script shell Shell account Print References: Que's Computer
• the earlier MS-DOS shell program with a graphics-oriented
• basic services. Are shell accounts offered? Many ISPs limit shell
• Many ISPs limit shell account access to their servers. In
• able to use without a shell account . If you are a new or
• intermediate user, a shell account is not required for good ISP
• Internauts, a shell account can be a real life-saver! What

• you will need either a shell account or a dial-up PPP/SLIP account on
• script shell Shell account Print References: Que's Computer
• Many ISPs limit shell account access to their servers. In
• able to use without a shell account . If you are a new or
• intermediate user, a shell account is not required for good ISP
• Internauts, a shell account can be a real life-saver! What

• <BR> (it's a singleton markup element ) Suggested
• because it is a singleton tag that takes no attributes.
• <FORM> As a singleton tag , <INPUT> will not permit
• /HEAD> tags. As a singleton tag , < LINK > permits no
• tag pair. As a singleton tag <OPTION> cannot include any
• /HEAD> tags. As a singleton tag , <NEXTID> permits no

• which is designed to sit on top of the desk of the user. It differs
• What do .cpt, .sea, .sit, and .hqx mean? Provides an explanation of
• of Macintosh archive sit es. W3E References: .sit .hqx UNIX Print
• es. W3E References: .sit .hqx UNIX Print References: The Internet
• are: .cpt, .sea, . sit , and . hqx . It is important to pay
• object type at a sit e, in keeping with existing RFC protocols
• compression GZIP SEA SIT ZIP
• have e-mail , we can sit safely at our terminals typing messages to

• or small businesses. SLIP The SLIP protocol is the standard Internet
• businesses. SLIP The SLIP protocol is the standard Internet
• Host access provides SLIP or PPP connection : Users have a direct
• Point Protocol ) and SLIP (Serial Line Internet Protocol) are
• history of Internet , Slip , and PPP rfc 1331 Network Working Group's
• serial connection SLIP , in many ways. It contains an error
• service provider SLIP (Serial Line Internet Protocol) Print
• compression . URLs: SLIP vs PPP Performance Comparison A comparison
• A comparison of SLIP and PPP throughput. rfc 896: Congestion
• this CD-ROM , a PPP or SLIP Internet connection will allow you to

• of OOP languages: Smalltalk , C++ , Object Pascal, Eiffel, Self,

• Most ISPs use SMTP (Simple Mail Transfer Protocol ) to handle
• Transfer Protocol ( SMTP ), File Transfer Protocol ( FTP ), and

• mail, usually termed snail mail by Internet e-mail users. E-mail is
• (referred to as snail mail by sassy computer types). E-mail can
• mcintyre@io.com Snail Mail: PO Box 1268, Round Rock, TX 78680

• An API, defined at the source code level, provides a certain level of
• free distribution of source code is the antithesis of a black box
• HTML comments in C++ source code to aid in synchronizing
• program that converts source code written in a programming language
• must include the source code for that program, as well as the
• of changes to the source code . URLs: Frequently Asked Questions
• CVS W3E References: Source code debugger Detail: In today's market,
• different versions of source code files organized. In using the CVS,
• to find errors in the source code . Detail: A debugger is a tool
• bugs , in the source code of a program. The source code is
• code of a program. The source code is the readable code and the
• for the computer. Source code cannot be read directly by the
• from the written source code to machine language is done by a
• the FSF provides the source code with the programs, and even
• have access to the source code ). Typical software companies use
• like by examining the source code of any Web page through a browser
• mailing lists, source code , technical reports, database
• mailing lists, source code , technical reports, database
• be able to port the source code needed to "fill in the
• to port the needed source code to your machine, the software
• involves downloading source code which will enable the client to use
• W3E References: client source code platform Detail: Porting an
• by providing source code (the readable program code written
• In this way, the source code can be compiled and used by the
• as easy as downloading source code to having to write it following
• available, porting the source code to link the software to the client
• multiple documents (or source code items, code libraries, etc.) and
• management system source code
• implementations, with source code for compilation onto other
• to the server 's source code , the engine that indexes the data,

• and --toolsets for specific-to-general and general-to-specific
• that document to a specific-to-general translator to obtain an

• fully-qualified URL specification is provided, for example: http
• is a criteria or specification associated with a specific tag .
• ) is the WWW's specification allowing browsers to communicate
• Markup Language Specification The initial draft of HTML 3.0
• draft of HTML 3.0 Specification s. Print References: HTML for
• Markup Language Specification Version 3.0 Discussion of the
• Implementation and specification of domain names Concepts and
• HTML Archive HTML Specification 3.0 Print Resources: Teach
• program. URLs: HTML 2 specification The Document Type Definition for
• HTML Archive HTML Specification 3.0 Print Resources: Teach
• revision of the CGI specification to which this server complies.
• Markup Language Specification 3.0 HTML3 Document Type
• three parts in SGML specification : an SGML declaration, a prologue
• section of the specification .
• tag in the HTML 2.0 specification is used to mark either the source
• Organization's (ISO) specification for Standard Generalized Mark-up
• for a complete specification . The unit megabit on its own
• File System Protocol specification . The original NFS protocol of
• Cache Protocol Specification 1.4 Details about Internet
• of /pub/RTF The specification for RTF as well as filters for
• and the MIL-M-28001B specification ) the American Association of
• based on the ATA-100 specification (the European airline association
• Task Force) specification Detail: The proceedings of the
• References: protocol specification IETF(Internet Engineering Task
• consists of a path specification to point the HTTP software at the
• TIFF files. TIFF 6.0 Specification Coverage The technical details of
• copyright for the TIFF specification . TIFF/JPEG, aka TIFF 6.0, is an
• underneath the URL specification above. These work as follows:
• W3E References: specification standard Print References: Que's
• of the HTML 2.0 specification ) and Dave Raggett (the
• DTDs beyond the 2.0 specification , including character sets needed
• height & width specification ISMAP indicates by its presence
• is not part of this specification , although " Path " and
• part of the HTML 3.0 specification . Context: <FORM> is legal
• in an appendix of this specification . SRC Specifies an image to
• in an appendix of this specification , e.g. folder is the entity name
• is not part of this specification , although " Path " and
• HTML document . This specification overrides any browser defined
• in an appendix of this specification , e.g. folder is the entity name

• W3E References: Spider Worm Wanderer Crawler
• demand. URLs The RBSE Spider - Balancing Effective Search Against Web
• Load Paper discussing spider search methods concerning Web load.
• back to it's host . Spider , worm , and wanderer are synonymous
• W3E References: Robot Spider Wanderer Worm Mastering Web Search
• called robot s, spider s, wanderer s, or worm s. These programs
• engines search tools spider Print References: Que's Computer and
• Web agent or " spider . It traversed the Web on a monthly
• W3E References: robot spider Print References: the World Wide Web
• (synonyms: robot , spider , crawler) WebCrawler is a search engine
• It is a type of spider , but has some major advantages over
• search engines spider worm Print References: Que's Computer
• Search engines URL Spider Wanderer Robot Detail: The type of worm

• One such language is SQL , (structured query language) developed at
• Query Language (SQL) Structured Query Language ( SQL ) is
• Query Language ( SQL ) is perhaps the most common way to extract
• Oracle, Microsoft's SQL Server , IBM's DB2, SQL/DS, and IMS, and

• acronym for American Standard Code for Information Interchange. As
• to use common, if not standard audio file formats. This means that
• the Bourne shell, the standard UNIX shell written by Stephen Bourne
• script written in the standard Bourne shell should work with BASH.
• handling than standard text files: Because binary files are
• Web as elsewhere, is a standard collection of text, information, or
• C++ is not yet a standard , there is no ftp site to download the
• American National Standard for Information Systems -- Programming
• POST method . CGI is a standard for interfacing external gateway
• are not available on a standard keyboard. For example, "&lt
• has been a call for a standard that would support most of the world's
• and Chinese. This standard , Unicode ( ISO 10646) is an extension
• the IEC International Standard number to which it complies.
• is an accepted standard in programming or file naming. URLs:
• writes to the approved standard . National and International Computing
• of International Standard Committees The first international
• by some to replace the standard copyright notice to offer free access
• model is an SGML or Standard Generalized Markup Language term which
• a de facto industry standard in modem usage, although it has never
• it was the industry standard . DOS has been able to survive for 14
• statement of the standard specifications for each version of
• W3E References: SGML (Standard Generalized Markup Language) The more
• Familiarity with standard text editors and their functions on
• s (e.g., the old standard UNIX editor, vi ) is a complete
• is no comparison with standard postal service mail, usually termed
• this TCP/IP-based standard as a matter of course. File Management
• the Data Encryption Standard and the Rivest Shamir, and Adelman
• . Data Encryption Standard , or DES, developed by the U.S.
• S. National Bureau of Standard s, is a one key, government standard
• would have provided a standard encryption format for electronically
• for the 802.3 network standard . Ethernet moves data between
• established a 10-Mb/s standard for LANs, a standard which new
• in the current DTD standard , but by using them you will be
• their enhancement as a standard . URLs: Netscape: Extensions to HTML
• PKZIP is the de facto standard software compression program. W3E
• modem compression standard , Postscript Level 2, and in the
• as an International Standard by ISO in July, 1991. ISO published
• The acronym grep is a standard UNIX search command that stands for
• written to replace the standard UNIX compress utility. Gzip uses the
• ] -c --stdout write on standard output, keep original files unchanged
• If none given, use standard input. or you can read the manual for
• ] -c --stdout:write on standard output, keep original files unchanged
• none listed, use the standard input
• on top" of SGML ( Standard Generalized Markup Language ). SGML is
• written using SGML ( Standard Generalized Markup Language ). URLs:
• International standard The International Organization for
• same connections. A standard telephone line that would normally
• transmission through a standard dedicated T1 trunk line to connect
• protocols that are standard throughout the world. Connecting to
• is the International Standard Organization's (ISO) specification for
• ISO) specification for Standard Generalized Mark-up Languages ( SGML )
• and maintain an SGML standard . W3E References: International
• International Standard Organization (ISO) HTML Netscape
• The ISO created standard number 8879 as a means of ensuring
• a lot of anxiety. The standard was created to ensure document owners
• supports many non- standard HTML tags. Netscape 's fans appreciate
• ISO that it became the Standard Generalized Markup Language . Even
• first version of this standard . ISO Latin-1 is composed of two types
• entities when using standard aA-zZ letters, numerals 0-1, or
• SLIP protocol is the standard Internet connection . Detail: Overview
• formatted text . The standard markup language used is HTML (
• a derivative of SGML ( Standard Generalized Markup Language. URLs: TEI
• System. It is the standard text-interface operating system for
• a de facto Internet standard . URLs: RFC 1094 NFS: Network File
• the official Internet standard for digital signature and encryption
• the de facto standard on the Internet . Both rely on a
• is the basis for the Standard Page Description Language (SPDL) by
• . It is an approved standard of the Internet Engineering Task
• A protocol is a standard procedure, the set of rules for
• single-key industry standard , DES. Combining the systems Using a
• with or based upon a standard , rule or norm. In Web documents,
• which is the Internet standard protocol for remote login. Logging in
• animation ". A standard html document can contain an image
• Format) and SGML ( Standard Graphic Markup Language ), which have
• SGML ( Standard Generalized Markup Language ) SGML is
• is an international standard used for the formal definition of
• today by the ISO8879 standard , and used around the world. SGML is a
• that have produced standard DTDs: the US Department of Defense (
• developed the National Standard for Electronic Manuscript Preparation
• interchange standard that will enable electronic components
• term used to describe standard surface mail. It is used by those who
• object, a system, or a standard . The specifications give the
• published as a draft standard that describes current practice, as
• to change a " standard practice" into a standard . URLs:
• practice" into a standard . URLs: IETF (Internet Engineering
• an Internet RFC and a standard , and the criteria used by the IETF to
• to become a proposed standard , a draft standard, or an actual
• standard, or an actual standard . This is a fascinating site with many
• Force (IETF) protocol standard Print References: The World Wide Web
• ) SQL is a popular standard English- like query language for
• as an International Standard by the International Organization for
• Information Processing Standard (FIPS) for the U.S. federal government
• versions. SQL FAQ: SQL Standard An FAQ site is always a good place to
• discussions regarding standard drafts. Every time a new standard for
• Every time a new standard for HTML comes out, discussion begins
• the definition of the standard that governs it. URLs: National
• more complex SGML ( Standard Generalized Markup Language ) as well.
• supplied by default (a standard neutral gray). Basically, the
• v.42 (error correction standard ) v.42bis (data compression standard )
• (data compression standard ) URLs: Curt's High Speed Modem Page,
• specification standard Print References: Que's Computer and
• either strict or standard checking, and then submit the form to
• Webify is to convert a standard linear document to a hypertext web of
• it suggests a cohesive standard page design to be used throughout the
• network protocols as a standard component. URLs: Microsoft Windows 95
• by the X11 ANSI standard (see the X11 definition for more
• and user interface standard " according to their own
• by a formal industry standard . In practice, X Windows (as the X
• created by the standard UNIX compression utility, compress.
• s internals, the standard , its history and development, new
• the American National Standard for information retrieval, can be
• in Z39.50 is used, the standard is evolving along with the needs of
• an American National Standard . NISO developed and maintains Z39.50
• documents. HTML is the standard language that all Web browsers are
• markup language -- the Standard Generalized Markup Language, usually
• are made standard , we suggest that you use them
• 2.0 DTD is the current standard that browsers support, but many
• URL " URL is a standard uniform resource locator, and
• the document . It is standard practice to place the < ADDRESS >
• URL " URL is a standard uniform resource locator; ACTION
• as a data block to the standard input service. This makes it easy to
• URL " URL is a standard uniform resource locator, and
• number"]\ standard use calls for ALIGN to be set to one
• use the /dev/null, the standard UNIX empty file. If you want to learn
• This is one of the ISO standard language abbreviations, e.g. "en
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• This is one of the ISO standard language abbreviations, e.g. "en
• entity name. A list of standard icon entity names for HTML 3.0 is
• This is one of the ISO standard language abbreviations, e.g. "en
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• entity name. A list of standard icon entity names for HTML 3.0 is
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• entity name. A list of standard icon entity names for HTML 3.0 is
• This is one of the ISO standard language abbreviations, e.g. "en

• into another string or name that may be longer or more
• uses a filename query string to search an Archie server 's database
• and filename string provided by the user are used to quickly
• " as the search string .) In order to gain access to Archie you
• the closer the pattern string to the file you are trying to locate,
• search -e : exact string match (default) -r : regular expression
• take the form of & string ; , which is composed of three required
• &", the text string assigned to the desired symbol or
• the HTML QUERY_STRING variable associated with the GET method
• into a single string in which the search values follow a
• as the query string . Electronic Mail Information about
• as the query string .
• mapping to it. QUERY_STRING The information which follows the ? in
• for a particular string and prints the lines containing those
• Pattern matching is a string search method commonly used by Internet
• A given input string is used to search a database and matches
• pattern of the string . Often the results are listed from best
• to another in a string . It is useful when working with large
• to the URL as a single string that can exceed the allowable string
• exceed the allowable string length. Print Resources: HTML for
• Query String A query string is the input value (text)
• Query String A query string is the input value (text) entered into a
• used as the pattern string in a search.
• specifies the query string , or the particular parameters passed on
• Search String A search string is the literal pattern
• Search String A search string is the literal pattern of characters for
• words are the search string . The computer then compares the search
• compares the search string to other collections of letters and
• syntax W3E References: string syntax checker HTML
• tags. W3E References: string HTML
• haunts when you see a string like 4. Search title s in Gopherspace
• it to look for the string "fond*." Actually you could
• to look for the string "*fond*".
• Web Tools Text Editor String Search and Replace Utility File Finder
• supplies an alternate string of text to display (and possibly make
• which equals the text string assigned to VALUE. SELECTED defines a
• marks the end of the string used to initialize the field (which can
• a user-supplied search string . The actual search parameters vary
• ) All keys as a single string Use strings as keywords or as complete
• as a base64 character string . The MD attribute is generally allowed
• attribute value is a string that takes of the following forms :
• column with character string formed by one capital letter per column,
• as a base64 character string . The MD attribute is generally allowed
• It defaults to the string : "
• as a base64 character string . The MD attribute is generally allowed
• as a base64 character string . The MD attribute is generally allowed
• by the DTD as the string "-// W3 O//DTD W3 HTML 3.0//EN"
• as a base64 character string . The MD attribute is generally allowed
• provides a character string used to name the field when submitting
• This is a character string or number which is used to initialize
• as a base64 character string . The MD attribute is generally allowed
• as a base64 character string . The MD attribute is generally allowed
• as a base64 character string . The MD attribute is generally allowed
• is in error. VALUE The string to be used together with the name
• attribute value is a string that takes of the following forms :
• as a base64 character string . The MD attribute is generally allowed
• . CLASS A character string used to subclass the range element .
• as a base64 character string . The MD attribute is generally allowed
• as a base64 character string . The MD attribute is generally allowed

• about Tcl Tk/TCL Style Guide A brief introduction to TCL/TK
• W3E References: HTTP style guide test Web Print References: HTML Web
• W3E References: style guide Web server Print References: HTML
• but this is the first style guide I've seen that discusses both
• space. Yale C/AIM Style Guide This style guide addresses good
• C/AIM Style Guide This style guide addresses good page design; it
• graphical dividers style guide white space Print References: Que's
• W3E References: style guide white space
• of HTML Style A brief style guide based on Strunk and White's
• good HTML . Gareth's style guide A bit old, but includes many
• points about style. Style Guide for online hypertext The must-read
• The must-read style guide from Tim Berners-Lee, the father of
• must-see! Roger's HTML Style Guide This article describes guidelines
• Manual Yale's own style guide . Very thorough and complete.

• banner, or reference a style sheet that controls the look of the
• 100 pixels free The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide
• 100 pixels free The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide
• 100 pixels free The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide
• 100 pixels free The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide
• 100 pixels free The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide
• 100 pixels free The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide
• 100 pixels free The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide
• 100 pixels free The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide
• 100 pixels free The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide
• is controlled by the style sheet . SKIP Increments the sequence
• with an associated style sheet . Attributes: ID An SGML identifier
• 100 pixels free The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide
• 100 pixels free The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide
• 100 pixels free The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide
• 100 pixels free The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide
• 100 pixels free The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide
• 100 pixels free The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide
• part using a generic style sheet , and as such improves the
• 100 pixels free The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide
• 100 pixels free The style sheet (or browser defaults) may provide

• The Internet Surfing
• to ameliorate the surfing experience. If you were browsing a Web
• Internet Netizen surfing
• becoming addicted to surfing , which is always a distinct

• initial page create a symbolic link between a common default name and
• initial page create a symbolic link between a common default name and

• . In contrast, synchronous communication occurs when a program
• over bit-oriented synchronous links and asynchronous links with 8
• services can provide synchronous or asynchronous updates. The
• asynchronous synchronous

• Detail: The syntax of HTML document s is specified by the
• document annotation syntax above correctly. It is generally
• for Non- ASCII Text Syntax Overview concerning the syntax of
• concerning the syntax of encoded words Windows encoder Article
• documents, plus tag syntax . CGI A CGI is required to make use of
• UNIX command line, the syntax for Finger is: finger username @hostname
• anything about URL syntax . A WYSIWYG (What You See Is What You
• a definition of HTML syntax , which is called a Document Type
• SGMLs to validate the syntax of an HTML document . Why conform? Using
• has the format and syntax of (example of format here). To learn
• to describe the formal syntax code used in text-based programming
• attribute 's URL . The syntax for the attribute is METHOD=(" GET
• is an example of the syntax used in specifying the Pipe command:
• Syntax Checker A syntax checker is a program
• Syntax Checker A syntax checker is a program responsible for
• programming language syntax are infamously precise, so the syntax
• to the details of the syntax . URLs: htmlchek Documents and explains
• and explains an HTML syntax checker. W3E References: syntax HTML
• W3E References: syntax HTML
• end of the link . The syntax for this part of the name is: " ftp
• or other drives), the syntax varies from browser to browser, but
• the details for URL syntax and supported protocols, and points to
• on this subject. URL Syntax and Punctuation Strictly speaking, the
• Strictly speaking, the syntax requirements of a URL are such that a
• are part of the URL syntax are not allowed to occur in literal form
• use the following syntax : uuencode inputfile outputfile
• validation service, or syntax checker , and has proven to be
• tools ranging from syntax checkers, to tag embedders, to WYSIWYG
• body . Always use a syntax check on your Web site before going
• through the proper syntax for each tag . You can borrow ideas from
• a tag to jump to it's syntax , description and example page . There
• the figure. Note the syntax is tolerant of repeated white space
• to be embedded. Its syntax is the same as that of the HREF
• or RESET field . Its syntax is the same as that of the HREF
• URI for the image. Its syntax is the same as that of the HREF

• W3E References: string syntax checker HTML
• validation service, or syntax checker , and has proven to be

• and address . The system administrator can configure the system
• would be limited to a system administrator , or super-user. You will
• References: security system administrator UNIX Print References: